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Types of Coffee Beans Behind every cup of coffee we enjoy there are carefully graded beans. These beans are evaluated based on their size and shape, color, shape and density. The AA grade is assigned to coffee beans that meet all of the above requirements, except they must not have more than three deficient quality (quakers). Typically these are Kenya AA beans. Arabica Arabica coffee beans are also known as Coffea Arabicica and are the most sought-after bean in the entire world. The legend says that coffee was discovered in Ethiopia when a goat herder observed his herd swaying with more energy after eating the fruits of the coffee plant. This led him experiment with roasting seeds and brewing them, which resulted in the beverage that we love today. While many types of coffee plants exist but there are only two major species used as the foundation for all of our favorite brews: arabica and robusta. The former is generally considered to be superior to the latter and this is reflected in the flavor of the finished beverage. There are many varieties of arabica cultivars, each each having its own unique flavor profile. Typica and Bourbon are two of the most well-known arabica cultivars. All other arabica cultivars were derived from these two varieties either through natural mutations or through deliberate crossbreeding. The SL28 cultivar, for example, was developed in Kenya by Scott Labs and is known for its distinct chocolate flavor. The taste of the arabica variety is contingent on the environment in which it was grown and also the way it was handled and roasted. For instance, the kind of shade a plant receives, its altitude and soil composition may all play a significant part in the final flavor. Robusta Robusta coffee beans, also referred to as coffee canephora, are the second most popular kind of coffee beans. They are the beans that are used in the majority of instant drinks and have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica Coffee Beans. They are also used to make many blends of espresso specifically for cappuccino caffe latte and various other beverages made from coffee. The Coffea Canephora plant was initially discovered in Sub-Saharan Africa, but it is now grown throughout the world. It is able to grow at lower elevations and can withstand higher temperatures than the Arabica coffee plant, which makes it a much more practical crop for farmers. Vietnam is currently the biggest producer of robusta coffee followed by Brazil and Indonesia. The robusta plant makes a wonderful coffee however it's not popular with cupping enthusiasts due to its bitter taste and burnt-rubber aroma. The majority of large coffee companies use arabica bean for their top products since it's considered to be lower-quality coffee. However, the demand for gourmet coffee is growing and small roasters are testing high-end robusta varieties in order to make the most of its exceptional qualities. Our Valhalla Java coffee and Death With Coffee coffee are two examples. Both are exceptional robustas that are blended with arabica to achieve the perfect balance of quality and flavor. These are carefully obtained from Uganda where robusta was grown for centuries. Find out more about these coffees. gourmet coffee beans Coffeee are scarce and aren't used much around the globe. They account for less than 2% of the global coffee consumption and are often overlooked due to the fact that they don't contain the same amount of caffeine as Arabica and Robusta do. They have a distinctive taste that many coffee drinkers find appealing. Liberica coffee beans, though extremely scarce, are still quite popular in some parts of Asia. They are most prevalent in Malaysia and Indonesia where there is a significant Muslim community. In these countries the coffee industry has been very strong for many years. Drinking a cup of coffee after prayers is a part of their customs. Liberica coffee's history dates back to 1890s in the 1890s, when a global outbreak caused by rust on the coffee leaf decimated the arabica crop. This caused coffee producers to search for a more robust plant that could flourish in tropical climates. They soon discovered the Liberica. Liberica plants have a high tolerance for pests and diseases making them a perfect replacement for the devastated arabica crop. Liberica can also grow in lower elevations and higher temperatures which enables it to thrive in the climate of Southeast Asia. This is why today the majority of coffee that is produced in the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia is derived from Liberica beans. Excelsa Although it's not typical for coffee lovers to see excelsa coffee beans in their cups, these rarer beans are beginning to earn the reputation of having a distinct flavor. According to Komal Sable, a fifth generation coffee farmer at South India Coffee Co. These beans are “a variant of the liberica species with similar teardrop shapes, but are smaller in size.” But despite this family resemblance it is important to remember that excelsa is technically not a separate species. It's not clear how to categorize excelsa beans. This confusion is responsible for the absence of existence of these beans in the contemporary coffee world. Many roasters, farmers, and brewers don't know how to properly cultivate and utilize these beans. It's ultimately up to each individual to decide if he or she likes the taste of excelsa and it can take a while to find the perfect blend. The most important thing is to remain open-minded and give every type of coffee a shot until you find one you really enjoy. You'll discover the vast array of possibilities these unique beans offer. It's a journey that's well worth the ride.